Regenerative medicine is changing the way orthopedic injuries and chronic pain are treated. Prolotherapy is a category of treatments where damaged and deteriorated connective tissue is injected with a solution of dextrose in order to promote the body’s healing response. Prolotherapy results are derived from both mechanical and physiological mechanisms. Mechanically, ultrasound-guided needle injections cause additional micro-trauma to the area, which the body attempts to heal by releasing inflammatory cells at the injection site mimicking an injury response. Physiologically, the solution releases growth factors associated with wound healing.